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The '''19-inch rack''' format, originally used as mounting systems for railroad signaling relays,<ref>Practical-Home-Theater-Guide.com's [
== Dimensions ==
[[File:19 inch rack dimensions.svg|thumb|500px|right|19" rack dimensions]]
[[File:Kaefigmutter martink.jpg|thumb|right|200px||Rack rail and cage nut]]
RU (rack unit) or U is the unit of measure used to describe the height of equipment intended for mounting in a 19-inch rack. One U is 1.75 inches (44.45 mm) high.
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A rack's mounting fixture consists of two parallel vertical metal "posts" or "panel mounts". The posts are each 0.625 inches (15.88 mm) wide, and separated by a gap of 17.75 inches (450.85 mm), giving an overall rack width of 19 inches (482.60 mm). The posts have matching holes in them at regular intervals, with a center-to-center distance of 18.312 inches (465.12 mm). Vertically the holes in the posts are arranged in repeating sets of three, with center-to-center separations of 0.5 inches (12.70 mm), 0.625 inches (15.88 mm), 0.625 inches (15.88 mm). The hole pattern thus repeats every 1.75 inches (44.45 mm).
== Fastening ==
Tapped-hole racks are used for hardware that rarely changes, such as phone, network cabling panels, TV broadcasting facilities, studios and relay racks. Clearance-hole racks have holes large enough to permit a bolt to be freely inserted through without binding, and held in place by cage nuts, (a spring steel clip within which is a captive nut). Square-hole racks allow boltless mounting, such that the rack-mount equipment only needs to insert through and hook down into the lip of the square hole.
=== Mounting screws ===
These days square holes for cage-nuts in rack rails are more common than threaded holes. The mounting screws and cage-nuts sizes are typically:
* Metric M6, (thread size of 6 millimeters). These are larger and stronger than the #10-32 screws.
* American #10-32, (drill size 10 and 32 threads per inch), smaller than a #12-24 screw.
* American #12-24, (drill size 12 and 24 threads per inch), larger than a #10-32 screw, smaller than an M6 screw.<ref>[http://www.rackittechnology.com/shopping/solution.php?cID=202 Rack-mounting screws for mounting equipment, shelves, and accessories onto IT racks], Rackit Technology</ref>
== References ==
{{reflist}}
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19-inch_rack 19-inch rack] article on Wikipedia
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizontal_pitch Horizontal pitch] article on Wikipedia
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rack_unit Rack unit] article on Wikipedia
== External links ==
* [
* Practical-Home-Theater-Guide.com's [
* Synthesizers.com:[https://web.archive.org/web/20130730232051/http://www.synthesizers.com/rackinfo.txt Building a studio rack]
* [http://www.thefrankes.com/wp/?page_id=3252 All About Racks and Rails]
=== DIY ===
[[Category:Hardware]]▼
* Synthesizers.com, [https://web.archive.org/web/20130812081100/http://www.synthesizers.com/diycabinet.html DIY Synthesizer Cabinet]
* Instructables, [https://web.archive.org/web/20130804181425/http://www.instructables.com/id/8U-Rack-Case-From-IKEA-RAST-Table/ 8U Rack Case From IKEA RAST Table]
* PatchPierre, [http://patchpierre.blogspot.co.uk/2012/01/diy-modular-case-ideas.html DIY Modular Case Ideas]
* Tone's Analog Synthesizer Projects and Products, [http://synovatron.blogspot.co.uk/2011/11/modular-in-tool-case.html Modular in a Toolbox]
* Yusynth, [http://yusynth.net/Modular/EN/CABINET/index.html And now to some woodworks....]
* Music From Outer Space, [http://musicfromouterspace.com/index.php?MAINTAB=SYNTHDIY&PROJARG=YOURANALOGSYNTH/page4.php&CATPARTNO=COLLEGEBUNDLE&PN=1&SONGID=NONE Modular Synth Cabinet How-To]
=== Suppliers ===
* [http://www.allmetalparts.co.uk/ All Metal Parts], UK
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