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'''American wire gauge''' ('''AWG''') is a standard wire gauge system used predominantly in the United States and Canada for the diameters of a single non-ferrous, solid, round conductor.<ref>ASTM Standard B 258-02, ''Standard specification for standard nominal diameters and cross-sectional areas of AWG sizes of solid round wires used as electrical conductors'', ASTM International, 2002</ref> Increasing gauge numbers give decreasing wire diameters.
== Single core and stranded ==
The cross-sectional area of each gauge is an important factor for determining its current-carrying capacity and resistance. The AWG of a stranded wire is determined by the total cross-sectional area of the conductor. Because there are also small gaps between the strands, a stranded wire will be about 5% thicker than a solid wire with the same AWG.
== AWG/Metric wire size equivalents and ampacities ==▼
In Europe, wire size is expressed as the number of strands and cross sectional area in mm<sup>2</sup>. For example. 7/0.2 means 7 strands of wire each 0.2mm diameter. In America the AWG numbering scheme is applied not only to individual strands but also to equivalent size bunches of smaller strands. For example. 24 AWG could be made of 1 strand of 24 AWG wire (1/24) or 7 strands of 32 AWG wire (7/32). Standard metric wire sizes do not correspond exactly to American wire sizes.
▲==AWG/Metric wire size equivalents==
▲In Europe, wire size is expressed as the number of strands and cross sectional area in mm<sup>2</sup>. For example. 7/0.2 means 7 strands of wire each 0.2mm diameter. In America the AWG numbering scheme is applied not only to individual strands but also to equivalent size bunches of smaller strands. For example. 24 AWG could be made of 1 strand of 24 AWG wire (1/24) or 7 strands of 32 AWG wire (7/32). Standard metric wire sizes do not correspond exactly to American wire sizes. Some approximations have to be adopted. Consequently, the table below provides the closest equivalents of the wires most commonly found (in the audio industry).<ref name="canford">[http://www.canford.co.uk/technical/pdfs/en/metricawgwiresizeequivalents.pdf AWG/Metric wire size equivalents]</ref>
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| 34||0.16||||||0.33||0.056||Verowire aka [[Solderable magnet wire|magnet wire]].<ref>[https://uk.rs-online.com/web/p/wire-wrapping-tools/1054626 Vero Technologies manual wire wrapping tool 34AWG], RS Components Ltd.</ref>
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| 33||0.18||||||0.43||0.073||
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| 30||0.25||1/30, 7/38, 19/42||1/0.25, 7/0.1||0.86||0.142||Commonly used size for wire wrap wire.<ref>[https://www.adafruit.com/product/1446 "Wire wrap" thin prototyping & repair wire], Adafruit Industries</ref><br/>Kynar insulated wire for [[matrix board prototyping]].<ref>[https://www.modwiggler.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=3956282 Which Solderable bread board / Copper Strip Board?], Mod Wiggler Forum, May 2023</ref>
▲|32||0.032||1/32, 7/40, 19/44||1/0.008", 7/0.003"||1/0.2, 7/0.08
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| 24||0.53||1/24, 7/32, 19/36||1/0.5, '''7/0.2''', 19/0.12, 30/0.1||3.5||0.577||General purpose hookup wire.<ref name="mfos">[https://musicfromouterspace.com/ Music From Outer Space]</ref><ref name="maplin">Wires and wherefores by Christopher Roper, Maplin-Electronics, Dec 1982, pp. 42-43</ref><br/>Slightly too thin for solderless breadboard wire.<ref name="platt">''Make: More Electronics'' by Charles Platt, Wiring, p.26</ref><br/>One wire from ethernet twisted pair.<ref name="eese">[https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/31675/what-gauge-of-single-strand-wire-works-well-with-breadboards What gauge of single strand wire works well with breadboards?], Electrical Engineering Stack Exchange, May 2012</ref>
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| 22||0.64||1/22, 7/30, 19/34||'''1/0.6''', 7/0.25, 19/0.15, 30/0.12||7||0.92||General purpose hookup wire.<ref name="mfos"/><ref name="maplin"/><br/>Single core, ideal for solderless breadboard wire.<ref name="platt"/><br/>{{sfrac|1|4}}W resistor lead.<ref name="eese"/><br/>Low current PC wires.
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| 20||0.81||1/20, 7/28, 19/32||'''16/0.2''', 44/0.12||11||1.5||Hookup wire for higher current.<ref name="maplin"/><br/>Slightly too thick for solderless breadboard wire.<ref name="platt"/>
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| 18||0.98||1/18, 19/30, 33/32||19/0.25, '''24/0.2''', 96/0.1||16||2.3||ATX PSU to motherboard.<ref>[https://edc.intel.com/content/www/us/en/design/ipla/software-development-platforms/client/platforms/alder-lake-desktop/atx-version-3-0-multi-rail-desktop-platform-power-supply-design-guide/2.1a/main-power-connector-required/ ATX version 3 multi rail desktop platform power supply], Intel</ref>
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| 16||1.30||7/24, 19/29||19/0.3||22||3.7||Loudspeaker cable.<ref name="icp">[https://infinity-cable-products.com/blogs/compare/best-gauge-for-speaker-wire Best gauge for speaker wire], Infinity Cable Products</ref>
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== References ==
{{From Wikipedia|American_wire_gauge}}
{{Reflist}}
== Further reading ==
* Donald G. Fink and H. Wayne Beaty, ''Standard Handbook for Electrical Engineers, Eleventh Edition'',McGraw-Hill, New York, 1978, {{ISBN
* [http://www.wavetechnology.org/FREEBIES/AWG_resistance_gauge_dave.pdf Wire-Size Gauge (AWG) vs. Resistance…what’s REALLY with this AWG stuff?] by Dave Wissel
== External links ==
* Wikipedia:[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_wire_gauge American wire gauge]
* Wikipedia:[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_wire_gauge Standard wire gauge]
* [http://www.simetric.co.uk/siwire_elect.htm Electrical Wire Conversion Tables]
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