Audio synthesis via vacuum tubes/Using sheet-beam tubes (view source)
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'''Using sheet-beam tubes''' has no parallel in the transistorized age. Between the mid 1930s until integrated circuits became commonplace in the 1960s, special electron tubes were designed to take advantage of specific effects of electron-beam ballistics. Essentially, these tubes were "integrated circuits" before the term even existed. And they did fairly complex things using very simple designs.<ref name="usbdt">[https://web.archive.org/web/20171020033858/http://www.cgs.synth.net/tube/beam.html Using special beam-deflection tubes] (archived) by Eric Barbour, 1997, with permission of the author</ref>
== Background ==
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The sheet-beam tubes were modified pentodes. Between the suppressor grid and a pair of matching anodes, there were placed two beam-deflection plates. By putting a push-pull modulation AC signal across these two deflection plates, the electron beam could be "forced" to switch from one anode to the other; giving a very good ring modulator effect, with reasonable carrier suppression (provided the input and modulation signals were fairly high in peak voltage). So far, this sounds similar to the differential-amp balanced modulator seen in IC form.<ref name="usbdt"/>
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* [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/CGS_synth CGS Synth discussion group], for discussion of locating parts, modifications and corrections etc.
* [http://metasonix.com/ Metasonix]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120919145704/http://www.classiccmp.org/rtellason/tubedata/6KS6.pdf 6BN6/6KS6 data sheet]
[[Category:Vacuum tube synthesizers]]
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