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== History ==
In the early 70's Serge Tcherepnin began to design and build synthesizers while teaching at California Institute of the Arts. Before long, other professors, students, and musicians became interested in these new synthesizers. Serge set up an odd manufacturing arrangement where interested people paid $700 up front for parts, then worked for him building modules. When done, they were rewarded with a six-panel system of their own.<ref name="kscs">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160806034511f/http://www.cgs.synth.net/synth/serge/index.html Classic Serge]
In 1992 Serge production and intellectual property were taken over by [[Sound Transform Systems]] (STS) of Oakland, California, founded by [[Rex Probe]] in 1984.<ref name="vail">''Vintage Synthesizers: Groundbreaking Instruments and Pioneering Designers of Electronic Music Synthesizers'' by Mark Vail, Backbeat Books, 2000, {{ISBN|0879306033}}</ref>
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Serge uses [[Connectors#Banana_plugs_vs._other_plugs|banana jacks]] for patching.<ref name="vail"/> The Serge connector color scheme is more about the type signal than its function but with some flexibility e.g. some CVs can go negative. Many black inputs are AC coupled, but most black outputs are not.<ref name="maint">[https://www.modwiggler.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=24954 Serge Maintenance Info], Mod Wiggler forum, Nov 2010</ref><ref name="if">[https://www.modwiggler.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=205598 If you could color code your inputs....], Mod Wiggler forum, Apr 2010</ref>
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!Signal!!Color<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210722001640/http://serge.synth.net/documents/1976sergemanual.pdf Introduction to the use of the Serge Modular Music System], 1976, p. 14</ref><ref>[http://serge-fans.com/new.html#FAQ Serge Fans FAQ]</ref><ref>[http://www.carbon111.com/serge_index.html Serge Guidebook] by Rich Gold.</ref>!!Comment
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== External links ==
* [http://www.carbon111.com/sergebook.zip ''An introduction to the serge modular music system''] by Rich Gold with Darrel Johansen and Marina LaPalma
* ''[http://www.elby-designs.com/webtek/euro-serge/documentation/book_1.pdf A guide to the Euro-Serge Modular Synthesizer]'' by Laurie Biddulph, in eight parts. Updated and expanded from ''An introduction to the Serge Modular Music System'' by Rich Gold with Darrel Johansen and Marina LaPalma.
* [http://www.serge-fans.com/ Egres – The unofficial Serge web site]
* [http://www.carbon111.com/serge_index.html Carbon111's Serge Modular Index]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160608101311/http://www.serge.synth.net/ Serge Modular Music System] information collated by [[Ken Stone]]
* [https://www.modwiggler.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=19 Buchla, EMS & Serge forum] on Muffwiggler
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150820064004/http://www.coa-modular.com/ COA]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serge_synthesizer Serge synthesizer], Wikipedia
* [https://archive.org/details/synthmanual_Serge_Series_79_catalogue Serge Series 79 catalogue]
* An early [https://archive.org/details/synthmanual_Serge_catalogue_early Serge catalogue]
* [https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/SergeModular/info Serge modular owners group]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20190427053036/http://serge.synth.net/documents/kit_index.html Original Serge kit instructions]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20210722001640/http://serge.synth.net/documents/1976sergemanual.pdf Serge graphic symbols], Introduction to the use of the Serge Modular Music System, 1976, p. 14
=== Kits ===
* [http://www.elby-designs.com/webtek/euro-serge/euro-serge.htm EuroSerge Series] kits by [[ELBY Designs]]
* [http://randomsource.net/ Random*Source DIY Serge kits]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170430151727/http://cgs.synth.net/ CGS]
[[Category:American brands]]
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