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added dsecription of how the guage is calculated
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Also known as: Imperial wire gauge, British Standard Gauge.
SWG was fixed by [[Order of Council]] [[August 23]] [[1883]]. It was constructed by improving the [[Birmingham Wire Gauge]]. Made legal standard [[March 1]] [[1884]] by the [[British Board of Trade]].
The basis of the system is the [[mil]], or 0.001[[inch|in]]. No. 7/0, the largest size, is 0.50 in. (500 mils or 12.7 mm) in diameter, and the smallest, No. 50, is 0.001 in. (1 mil or about 25 µm) in diameter. Between each gauge, the weight diminishes by 20%. Because the weight per unit length is related to the area, and therefore the square of the diameter, the diameter diminishes by 10.557%:
:<math>\mbox{Diameter Ratio} = 1-(1-0.2)^{\frac{1}{2}} \approx 10.557%</math>
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