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[[File:NiCd VARTA battery leakage on circuit board (IMG 3313).jpg|thumb|right|250px|A NiCd battery that has leaked in a Korg Poly-61, corroding traces and IC legs.]]
[[File:Gebrochene loetstellen.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Two broken solder joints (left) and a delaminated PCB trace (right).]]
[[File:Elko-mit-ausgedrücktem-Gummistopfen.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Failed electrolytic capacitors with swollen can tops and expelled rubber seals.]]
'''Repairing''' electronic music gear includes [[Electronic circuit fault finding|troubleshooting]] problems, replacing worn or damaged parts (both mechanical and electronic), repairing electrical connections, and performing preventive maintenance.<!--<ref>cite some source source</ref>-->
[[File:Prophet 5 rev 2 missing a power transformer.jpg|thumb|center|400px|[[Sequential Circuits Prophet-5|Prophet 5 rev. 2]] missing a power transformer.]]

== Essentials of electronics repair ==
; Be Careful
: Avoid causing more damage.
: Be organised and take your time.
; Start simple
: Check easy-to-fix issues first.
; External checks
: Gather information on symptoms.
: Check cables, [[power supply|power supplies]] and fuses.
: Look for signs of physical damage.
; Cleaning
: Brush and vacuum the device with [[ESD protection|ESD-safe methods]].
: Remove contaminants e.g. from spilled drinks
; Opening the device
: Unplug gear before opening.
: Use soft surfaces to avoid scratches, ensure any separated but still connected parts are well supported.
: Find the service manual (these can have errors)<ref>[https://www.modwiggler.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=3361863#p3361863 Re: Duplicating old PCBs... strategies? tips?], Mod Wiggler Forum, 6 Oct 2020</ref> or watch disassembly videos.
: Use containers to keep screws and other fastenings from getting lost.
: Take note of where any parts will go when reassembling.
: Take detailed photos of the internal setup, you may need to refer to these later.
; Initial observations
: Check for battery leakage, physical deformities, and blown fuses, (look for the cause of any blown fuse).
: Look for signs of overheating or smoke.
: Connections between dissimilar metals can corrode or degrade over time.
; Fixing process
: Re-seating connectors can solve many issues. Be very careful not to bend any pins.
: Check for corrosion and clean with contact cleaner.
: Avoid fully removing socketed ICs fully; raise the IC slightly and push down again to clean the contacts.
: Clean or replace scratchy pots.
: Check solder joints and touch up if needed, (with matching solder type). Be careful not to damage any nearby wires plastic parts with the iron.
; Common issues
: Many problems are mechanical rather than electronic.
: In industry when fixing is too time consuming a board is swapped rather than repairing the components.<ref>''[https://www.harmonycentral.com/articles/keyboards-and-pianos/how-to-fix-electronic-music-gear-r766/ How to fix electronic music gear]'' by by Craig Anderton, Harmony Central, 13 Feb 2017</ref>

== Showcase ==
Practical, real-world examples to guide and inspire.
* [[Roland Alpha Juno 2]]
* [[Roland Alpha Juno 2]]

== See also ==
=== Methods ===
* [[Electronic circuit fault finding]]
* [[Desoldering]]
* [[Recapping]]
* [[Replacing components]]
* [[SMT reflow soldering]]
* [[PCB repair]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}
== Further reading ==
* ''How to diagnose and fix everything electronic'' by Michael Jay Geier, McGraw Hill TAB, 2015, {{ISBN|9780071848305}}
* ''Troubleshooting and Repairing Electronic Music Synthesizers'' by Delton T. Horn, TAB, 1992, {{ISBN|9780830639212}}, ([[Synth_DIY_books#Troubleshooting_and_Repairing_Electronic_Music_Synthesizers_by_Delton_T._Horn|not recommended]])
* ''[https://archive.org/details/Sequential_Circuits_Prophet_5_Service_Manual Prophet 5 technical manual]'' by Sequential Circuits

== External links ==
* [https://synfo.nl/ Synfo.nl], Synth service manuals, synth IC data sheets and links to synth technicians.
* [http://www.pinrepair.com/begin/index.htm Beginning pinball repair and circuit board repair], includes useful information.
* [http://weltenschule.de/TableHooters/WarrantyVoidFAQ.htm WarrantyVoid FAQ - keyboard &amp; sound toy modification, circuit-bending], includes useful information.
* [https://djjondent.blogspot.com/2020/04/the-ship-of-thesus.html The Ship of Thesus], on whether to repair or to preserve vintage synths, Jon Dent blog, 1 Apr 2020
* [https://reverb.com/uk/news/the-most-common-maintenance-issues-of-22-classic-synths-and-how-to-fix-them The Most Common Maintenance Issues of 22 Classic Synths (and How to Fix Them)], by Travis Thatcher, Reverb, Sep 2017
=== Forums ===
* [https://www.reddit.com/r/SynthRepairs/ r/SynthRepairs]
* [https://forums.syntaur.com/c/synth-repair/5 Synth Repair], Syntaur Forums
* [https://www.eevblog.com/forum/repair/ Repair], EEVblog Electronics Community Forum
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/vintagesynthrepair Vintage Synth Repair And Mods.], Facebook group
=== YouTube ===
About the general principles. For repairs to a specific piece of equipment, see its page.<!-- List from [https://synth-diy.org/pipermail/synth-diy/2020-October/thread.html favorite Youtube genre - "old guys repairing electronics"], Synth-DIY email list, Oct, Nov 2020 -->
* [https://www.youtube.com/@Synthchaser Synthchaser]
* [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLF1UA_znYwS4pg41KbOaSwRqAroe0AM20 Musical Instrument teardowns and repairs] by markusfuller
* [https://www.youtube.com/@Syntaur/search?query=repair Syntaur]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@DiyguitarpedalsAu/search?query=repair DIY Guitar Pedals]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@MrCarlsonsLab/search?query=repair Mr. Carlson’s Lab]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@mikeselectricstuff/search?query=repair mikeselectricstuff]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@Thesignalpath/search?query=repair The Signal Path]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@jeriellsworth/search?query=repair Jeri Ellsworth]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@FranLab/search?query=repair Fran Blanche]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@channelengineer/search?query=repair channelengineer]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@ElektronikLabor/search?query=Reparatur ElektronikLabor]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@mjlorton/search?query=repair mjlorton]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@SalaScience/search?query=repair Sala Science]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@LearnElectronicsRepair/featured Learn Electronics Repair]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@UncleDoug/search?query=repair Uncle Doug]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@CuriousMarc/search?query=repair CuriousMarc]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@reps/search?query=repair Marco Reps]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@JordanPier/search?query=repair Jordan Pier]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@Techmoan/search?query=repair Techmoan]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@bigclivedotcom/search?query=repair bigclivedotcom]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@EEVblog/search?query=repair EEVblog]
* [https://www.youtube.com/@DextersTechLab/search?query=repair DextersTechLab]

[[Category:Repairing]]

Revision as of 22:01, 9 July 2024

A NiCd battery that has leaked in a Korg Poly-61, corroding traces and IC legs.
Two broken solder joints (left) and a delaminated PCB trace (right).
Failed electrolytic capacitors with swollen can tops and expelled rubber seals.

Repairing electronic music gear includes troubleshooting problems, replacing worn or damaged parts (both mechanical and electronic), repairing electrical connections, and performing preventive maintenance.

Prophet 5 rev. 2 missing a power transformer.

Essentials of electronics repair

Be Careful
Avoid causing more damage.
Be organised and take your time.
Start simple
Check easy-to-fix issues first.
External checks
Gather information on symptoms.
Check cables, power supplies and fuses.
Look for signs of physical damage.
Cleaning
Brush and vacuum the device with ESD-safe methods.
Remove contaminants e.g. from spilled drinks
Opening the device
Unplug gear before opening.
Use soft surfaces to avoid scratches, ensure any separated but still connected parts are well supported.
Find the service manual (these can have errors)[1] or watch disassembly videos.
Use containers to keep screws and other fastenings from getting lost.
Take note of where any parts will go when reassembling.
Take detailed photos of the internal setup, you may need to refer to these later.
Initial observations
Check for battery leakage, physical deformities, and blown fuses, (look for the cause of any blown fuse).
Look for signs of overheating or smoke.
Connections between dissimilar metals can corrode or degrade over time.
Fixing process
Re-seating connectors can solve many issues. Be very careful not to bend any pins.
Check for corrosion and clean with contact cleaner.
Avoid fully removing socketed ICs fully; raise the IC slightly and push down again to clean the contacts.
Clean or replace scratchy pots.
Check solder joints and touch up if needed, (with matching solder type). Be careful not to damage any nearby wires plastic parts with the iron.
Common issues
Many problems are mechanical rather than electronic.
In industry when fixing is too time consuming a board is swapped rather than repairing the components.[2]

Showcase

Practical, real-world examples to guide and inspire.

See also

Methods

References

  1. ^ Re: Duplicating old PCBs... strategies? tips?, Mod Wiggler Forum, 6 Oct 2020
  2. ^ How to fix electronic music gear by by Craig Anderton, Harmony Central, 13 Feb 2017

Further reading

  • How to diagnose and fix everything electronic by Michael Jay Geier, McGraw Hill TAB, 2015, ISBN 9780071848305
  • Troubleshooting and Repairing Electronic Music Synthesizers by Delton T. Horn, TAB, 1992, ISBN 9780830639212, (not recommended)
  • Prophet 5 technical manual by Sequential Circuits

External links

Forums

YouTube

About the general principles. For repairs to a specific piece of equipment, see its page.

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