CGS digitally controlled oscillator
CGS20 the CGS digitally controlled oscillator board was really developed for Ken Stone's own use, for a 486 based sequencer/synthesizer. It is a 16 bit digitally controlled oscillator designed for driving wavetable modules. If fed from a lower frequency, it could be used directly for audio. It could even be used with Walsh functions. The design is untested.
How to use this module
This module is designed to connected to either a 16 or 8 bit bus, and contains two latches that can be latches independently. For a backplane/bus common stripboard may be used, along with 0.1 pitch 90° headers. It can be used with the parallel port adapter, which is how I use mine. Software is up to the individual, though I will share what code I develop for it.
A little on how it works
Basically it is a down counter that reloads itself at the zero count, with the value stored in the latches. The monostable, which has a pulse length less than a single clock cycle, ensures the counters are correctly loaded, as well as giving an output pulse for driving the wavetable, or whatever you connect it to. A second monostable gives a slightly longer pulse for external use.
Construction
Before you start assembly, check the board for etching faults. Look for any shorts between tracks, or open circuits due to over etching. Take this opportunity to sand the edges of the board if needed, removing any splinters or rough edges.
When you are happy with the printed circuit board, construction can proceed as normal, starting with the links and resistors first, followed by the IC sockets if used, then moving onto the taller components.
Take particular care with the orientation of the polarized components, electrolytics, transistors and ICs.
When inserting the ICs in their sockets, if used, take care not to accidentally bend any of the pins under the chip. Also, make sure the notch on the chip is aligned with the notch marked on the PCB overlay.
You can also try 74HC or 74ACT chips in this board, and will probably get better performance, plus the option of running at a higher frequency if you do.
Additional 100n decoupling capacitors should be soldered directly between pins 8 and 16 on each of the counter chips. There was simply no way I could route them on a single sided PCB.
A 90 degree 0.1 inch header and mating connector can be used to allow the module to be plugged into the stripboard backplane.
Parts list
This is a guide only. Parts needed will vary with individual constructor's needs.
| Part | Quantity |
| Capacitors | |
|---|---|
| 100pF | 1 |
| 220pF | 1 |
| 100n | 8 |
| Resistors | |
| 680R | 1 |
| 2k2 | 1 |
| Semi's | |
| 74LS193 | 4 |
| 74LS123 | 1 |
| 74LS374 | 2 |
| Misc | |
| 24 mHz xtal oscillator | 1 |
| CGS20 PCB | 1 |
Notes
- Fast 74xxxx CMOS latches with the same pin configuration can be used in the circuit.
- Different latch chips with the same pin configuration can be used in the circuit. The obsolete 74LS273 can be used if A is linked to B instead of D. Check your data books.
CC-BY-NC
Readers are permitted to construct these circuits for their own personal use only. Ken Stone retains all rights to his work.
See also
References
- Digitally Controlled Oscillator for music synthesizers. by Ken Stone, 2001, with permission of the author - archived
External links
- CGS Synth discussion group, for discussion of locating parts, modifications and corrections etc.