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Modular synthesizer: Difference between revisions
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The first modular synthesizer design was presented by [[Harald Bode]] at the 1960 [[Audio Engineering Society|AES]] convention, also attended by [[Bob Moog]]. This was the first patchable modular system with control voltage capability.<ref>[http://cec.sonus.ca/econtact/13_4/palov_bode_biography.html Harald Bode — A Short Biography] by Rebekkah Palov, eContact! 13.4, Canadian Electroacoustic Community, July 2011</ref>
The earliest commercial modular synthesizers were developed in 1963, in parallel and unaware of each other, on opposite sides of USA. By [[Moog Music Inc|Moog]] in Trumansburg, New York, and [[Buchla Electronic Musical Instruments|Buchla]] in Berkeley, California. The difference in their approaches has become known as [[East coast vs. West coast|''East Coast'' and ''West Coast'']] styles.<ref>[http://audio.tutsplus.com/articles/buyers-guides/everything-you-need-to-know-to-get-into-hardware-modular-synths/ Everything You Need to Know to Get Into Hardware Modular Synths] by Adam Burucs, 6 September 2013</ref><ref name="ad">Analog Days: The Invention and Impact of the Moog Synthesizer, by Trevor Pinch and Frank Trocco, Harvard University Press, 2002, hardcover {{ISBN
Also in the early 1970s, there were at least two mail-order electronics [[kit]] vendors [[Paia Electronics]], and [[Aries Music Inc.|Aries]], marketing different lines of simple [[DIY]] modular synthesizer systems. The [[Aries System 300]] was modeled on the circuits produced by [[Bernie Hutchins]] and published as [[Electronotes]]. In the 1980s in the UK the [[Digisound 80]] modular synthesizer, designed primarily, by [[Charles Blakey]] was sold as a kit by the company Digisound Ltd.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.digisound80.co.uk/digisound/index.htm |title=Digisound 80 Modular Synthesizer |accessdate=2012-08-08 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130812180537/http://digisound80.co.uk/digisound/index.htm |archivedate=2013-08-12 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref>
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Each module has its own simple function and they must be connected together with patch cords before any sound can be made. The sound of a patch depends on the interconnection of these modules and on their settings. Some cords carry the electrical version of the sound that will eventually be heard. This is the signal. Some cords carry instructions to modules about how to change the signal. These are controls. Some cords carry instructions about when modules should start their functions. These are triggers and gates.<ref name="pe">[http://artsites.ucsc.edu/EMS/music/equipment/synthesizers/Synthesizing/usesynth.html What to do with your synthesizer], by Peter Elsea. Used with permission.</ref>
Modules can be grouped by function, although there is some overlap. Most patches will involve at least one module from each group. Modules which can generate a signal are called sources. The most common of these are [[oscillator]]s and [[noise generator]]s. Modules that can modify or process a signal are called modifiers. The most common examples of these are [[amplifier]]s and [[Voltage controlled filter|filter]]s. Modules or [[transducer]]s that function primarily as sources of control voltages and triggers are called controllers. Controllers may be preset, such as [[envelope generator]]s and [[low frequency oscilator]]s, or they may be playable, like [[keyboard]]s.<ref name="pe" /><ref>''Musical Applications of Microprocessors'' by Hal Chamberlin, Hayden Books, 1985, {{ISBN
== Patch sub types ==
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